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History of Karabakh
Karabakh was part of different Muslim states such as Sajids, Salarids, Shaddadids, Atabays, Hulakids, (Elkhanids), Garagoyunlu, Aghgoyunlu, which replaced one another in Azerbaijan after its occupation by the Arabs.

The establishment of the Azerbaijan State of Safavids (1501) was marked with the beginning of the centralization of all Azerbaijani lands. One of the four provinces established by the Safavids was named the Karabakh or Ganja province. After the death of Nadir Shah, who had put an end to the existence of the Safavids state, new independent and semi-independent entities, khanates and sultanates emerged in Azerbaijan. One of them was the Karabakh khanate. 

The founder of the Karabakh khanate was one of the prominent statesmen of Azerbaijan - Panahali Bey Javanshir. During the reign of his son, Ibrahim khan, the Karabakh khanate became even more powerful. In 1805 Ibrahim khan signed a treaty with the commander of the Russian forces, P.D. Sisianov in Kurakchay. According to the Kurakchay Treaty, Karabakh khanate was annexed to Russia as a Muslim - Azerbaijani land. The Kurakchay Treaty is one of the most important documents evidencing that Karabakh, including its mountanious region, historically belonged to the Azerbaijani nation. 

After the occupation of the Northern Azerbaijan, Tsarism pursued the policy of Armenianization in order to consolidate its positions on those lands. In accordance with the 1828 Turkmenchai Treaty and the 1829 Edirne Treaty, Armenians from Persia and Turkey resettled to Northern Azerbaijan, including Karabakh. 

On 28 May 1918, after being ruled by Russia for almost 100 years, the Azerbaijani people established a new independent state in Northern Azerbaijan. People's Republic of Azerbaijan secured political power on the territory of Karabakh as well. 

At the same time, the newly founded Armenian (Ararat) republic made unsubstantiated territorial claims on Karabakh. In this period, in order to get a hold of Karabakh, Armenians continued to commit acts of genocide, a method they had resorted to before. Concerned with the situation, in January 1919 the Azerbaijani Government established the Karabakh General Governorship covering the lands of Shusha, Javanshir, Jabrayil and Zangazur uezds. 

A few years after the establishment of the Soviet State in Azerbaijan on 28 April 1920, as a result of targeted processes during the period of 1920-1923, Azerbaijani lands which were part of the former Karabakh khanate lost their traditional historical and geographical integrity. 

After the sovietization of Azerbaijan it was forced to grant Daghlig Karabakh (Mountainous Karabakh) the status of autonomous province. 

Thus, an inseparable part of Azerbaijan - Karabakh - was artificially divided into the plain and mountainous parts. In spite of all those historical injustices, Azerbaijan implemented complex reforms to improve the situation in political, social, economic and cultural areas in the Daghlig Karabakh Autonomous Province. However, Armenian secessionists continued to pursue their policy of separatism, thus inflicting severe damage on Azerbaijan. On the eve of the USSR collapse they intensified their actions. The war of aggression against Azerbaijan was launched.


Category: GARABAGH | Added by: shamsi_84 (07.05.2011)
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